English
• 1. Historical context:
- Presented in 1964 by the Soviet economist Emil Borisovich Valev.
- Appears in the context of the USSR's policy of economic integration of the socialist states in Eastern Europe, in order to maximize economic efficiency and centralized control.
• 2. Objective:
- Creation of a regional economic complex coordinated by the Soviet Union.
- Promotion of the economic specialization of the socialist countries, each state having a specific role within the socialist bloc.
• 3. Role assigned to Romania:
- Romania was to be transformed into a major agricultural supplier, focusing on the production of food and agricultural raw materials.
- Romania's industrialization would have been limited, focused on light and basic industries, without investments in heavy industries or advanced technologies.
• 4. Main characteristics:
- Reduction of the diversification of the economies of the participating states.
- Increased mutual dependence between the socialist states, but with centralized control exercised by Moscow.
- Emphasis on agriculture and traditional industries, to the detriment of advanced industrial development.
• 5. Potential impact on Romania:
- Economic subordination to the socialist bloc.
- Limitation of industrial progress and reduction of chances for independent economic development.
- Increased dependence on imports for industrial products and technologies from other socialist states.
• 6. Romania's reaction:
- The communist leadership, under Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, firmly rejected the plan, considering it a threat to economic sovereignty.
- The rejection of the Valev Plan marked the beginning of a more independent policy towards the USSR.
• 7. Political significance:
- The Valev Plan is seen as an attempt by the USSR to consolidate economic and political control over Eastern Europe.
- Its rejection by Romania was a key moment in the country's distancing itself from Soviet influence.
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