US - bolder goals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

US President Joe Biden unveiled an ambitious plan to combat climate change last week, setting a new national goal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. According to him, the United States is aiming for a 61%-66% reduction in emissions by 2035, compared to 2005 levels. "We will turn this existential threat into a unique opportunity to reshape the future of our country," Joe Biden said, stressing that the new plan represents "the boldest climate program in the history of the United States."

• Investing in green energy and local support

The Biden administration bases its strategy on massive investments in renewable energy and the involvement of the private sector. Local and state governments also play a critical role, especially given the risk that a future Republican president like Donald Trump could reverse course again. The president's climate envoy, Joe Podesta, said that "the private sector and local governments have already demonstrated the ability to move forward even without substantial federal support," referring to measures taken during Donald Trump's first term.

• Reactions and challenges

Joe Biden's climate plan was well received by environmental groups, who praised its clear goals, including a 35% reduction in methane emissions. "This document provides an important reference for states, cities and companies," said Rachel Cleetus of the Union of Concerned Scientists. However, there is a risk that future political leaders will abandon these commitments. Donald Trump, a former president and potential 2024 candidate, has criticized the green measures and advocated for support for fossil fuels.

• US, a major polluter behind global pledges

While Joe Biden's plan is seen as a step forward, the US remains the second-largest global polluter, after China. Despite cutting emissions by 18% by 2023 compared to 2005, the country is still far from meeting the goals set by the Paris Agreement, which aims to keep global warming below 2°C. In the long term, the success of this plan depends on political continuity and collaboration between the federal government, states and the private sector. While the US tries to make up for lost ground on the international climate stage, the planet continues to feel the effects of global warming of 1.2°C-1.3°C above pre-industrial levels, providing a wake-up call for swift and decisive action.